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昆虫天然免疫研究组(凌尔军)

研究组长：凌尔军 研究员

 

凌尔军，研究员、博士生导师。2003年至2008年分别在日本信州大学、美国美国密苏里大学进行博士后研究。2008年7月作为上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所引进人才组建昆虫天然免疫研究组，主要方向为昆虫和病原物相互作用的基础科学研究。


主要研究方向及内容：

研究方向：昆虫和微生物（细菌、真菌）之间的相互作用；

研究内容：

（1）昆虫致病真菌白僵菌和绿僵菌等是重要的生物农药，由于宿主免疫的抵抗，导致真菌生物农药的作用效率低，因此增强真菌逃避宿主免疫作用能力，或者抑制宿主免疫活性，对提高真菌生物农药的作用效率非常重要。为此以果蝇和家蚕为研究模式，研究白僵菌在穿透宿主表皮的免疫逃避机制，以及宿主表皮的免疫应答作用。

（2）肠道共生菌可以调控宿主的发育、生殖、神经和免疫等重要的生理活动，但是其中的作用分子机制仍然有待于深入探索。果蝇是研究认识肠道菌和宿主相互作用的重要模式生物之一，其肠道免疫系统可以有效区分共生菌和致病菌，通过活性氧(ROS) 产生的调控是肠道免疫反应的重要部分。据此，利用多酚氧化酶诱导的黑化反应筛选出耐受ROS的若干菌株，其中GL细菌在添食后显著诱导果蝇肠道细胞的分裂、分化等，研究其作用的分子机制是另外一方面的研究内容。

研究队伍:

工作人员：黄武仁
博士后: 刘秋宁
研究生：唐瑞娟、耿磊、李时荣、张英、张鲜、姬珂欣
联合培养生：杨停停

年度研究进展：

果蝇H2Av是一个重要的组蛋白变体，这个基因突变后在幼虫尾部形成黑色肿瘤块，同时抗菌肽表达显著上升，研究发现H2Av通过和Su（var）2-10的相互作用来调控Relish 的类泛素化，Relish类泛素化的人为丧失可以导致其剪切和激活。目前该工作正在整理和分析。

多酚氧化酶可以引起黑化反应，黑化反应可以产生多种活性氧，由于昆虫中肠免疫反应主要包括抗菌肽和活性氧（ROS）的产生，因此利用多酚氧化酶引起的黑化反应可以用于筛选耐受ROS的菌株，目前我们筛选若干株耐受ROS的细菌，其中一株GL细菌可以显著诱导果蝇中肠细胞分裂，目前通过色谱纯化出诱导中肠细胞分裂的小分子化合物，现在正在对该小分子化合物的作用分子机制进行深入研究。

发表论文： 

1.        Wu K, Li SR, Wang J, Ni YY, Huang WR, Liu QN* and Ling EJ* (2020) Peptide Hormones in the Insect. Midgut, 11:191

2.        Yuan Y, Huang WR, Chen KP Ling EJ* (2020) Beauveria bassiana ribotoxin inhibits insect immunity responses to facilitate infection via host translational blockage. Developmental & Comparative Immunology,106:103605

3.        Ling EJ*, Zou Z* (2018) Editorial introduction to the special issue: Insect innate immunity in China. Developmental & Comparative Immunology ,83, 1-2

4.        Guan JG, Zhang J, Yuan SL, Yang B, Kevin D. Clark, Ling EJ, Huang WR* (2018)Analysis of the functions of the signal peptidase complex in the midgut of Triboliumcastaneum. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 97(3): e21441

5.        Wu K, Han F, Yi Yuan, Liu YN, Ling EJ, Wang Q*, Huang WR* (2018)Effect of the insect phenoloxidase on the metabolism of L-DOPA. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology,98(4):e21457

6.        Liu LH, Qian XR, Chao ML, Zhao YJ, Huang JY, Wang TC, Sun F, Ling EJ, Song HS* (2018) Aluminum toxicity related to SOD and expression of presenilin and CREB in Bombyx mori.  Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 99(2):e21480

7.        Zhang J, Huang WR, Yuan CF, Lu YZ, Yang B, Wang CY, Zhang P, Leonard Dobens, Zou Z, Wang CS*, Ling EJ* (2017) Prophenoloxidase-mediated ex vivo immunity to delay fungal infection after insect ecdysis. Frontiers in Immunology,8, 1445, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01445.

8.        Yuan SL, Huang WR, Geng L, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Song HS, Ling EJ * (2017) Differentiation of lepidoptera scale cells from epidermal stem cells followed by ecdysone-regulated DNA duplication and scale secreting. Cell Cycle 16(21):2156-2167. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1376148.

9.        Liu F, Huang WR, Wu K, Qiu ZY, Huang Y, Ling EJ* (2017) Exploiting innate immunity for biological pest control. Advances in Insect Physiology 52: 199–230.

10.    Han F#, Lu AR#, Yuan Y, Huang WR, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Huang JY*, Ling EJ* (2017) Characterization of an entomopathogenic fungi target integument protein, Bombyx mori single domain von Willebrand factor type C, in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Molecular Biology, 26(3), 308–316.

11.    Yang B, Huang WR, Zhang J, Xu QY, Zhu SL, Zhang QL, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Song HS*, Ling EJ* (2016) Analysis of gene expression in the midgut of Bombyx mori during the larval molting stage. BMC Genomics 17(1):866.

12.    Wu K, Yang B, Huang WR, Leonard Dobens, Song HS*, Ling EJ* (2016) Gut immunity in Lepidopteran insects. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 64:65-74.

13.    Huang WR, Zhang J, Yang B, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Song HS*, Ling EJ*. (2016) DNA duplication is essential for the repair of gastrointestinal perforation in the insect midgut. Scientific Reports. 6, 19142.

14.    Wu K, Zhang J, Zhang QL Zhu SL, Shao QM, Kevin D. Clark, Liu YN *, Ling EJ* (2015). Plant phenolics are detoxified by prophenoloxidase in the insect gut. Scientific Reports. 5, 16823.

15.    Lu AR Zhang QL, Zhang J, Yang B, Wu K, Xie W, Luan YX, Ling EJ* (2014) Insect prophenoloxidase: the view beyond immunity. Frontiers in Physiology. 5: 252 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00252 (Invited review)

16.    Kong LL, Lu AR, Guan JM, Yang B, Li MW, Julián F. Hillyer, Nalini Ramarao, Kenneth S？derh？ll, Liu CL *, Ling EJ*（2015）Thermolysin damages animal life through degradation of plasma proteins enhanced by rapid cleavage of serpins and activation of proteases. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 88(1):64-84.

17.    Hu YJ, Han Y, Shao YY, Wang XJ, Ma YQ, Ling EJ, Xue L (2015) Gr33a modulates Drosophilamale courtship preference. Scientific Reports. doi: 10.1038/srep07777.

18.    Zhang J, Lu AR, Kong LL, Zhang QL, Ling EJ* (2014) Functional analysis of insect molting fluid proteins on the protection and regulation of ecdysis. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289: 35891–35906. 

19.    Lu AR, Li XQ, Julián F. Hillyer, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Kenneth S？derh？ll, Ling EJ * (2014) Recombinant Drosophilaprophenoloxidase 1 is sequentially cleaved by α-chymotrypsin during in vitro activation. Biochimie. 102:154-165.

20.    AR Lu, Peng Q, Ling EJ* (2014) Formation of disulfide bonds in insect prophenoloxidase enha nces immunity through improving enzyme activity and stability. Developmental and Comparative Immunology44(2):351-358.

21.    Liu F, Xu QY Zhang QL, Brenda T. Beerntsene, Ling EJ* (2013) Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.Invertebrate Survival Journal10: 102-109 (Invited review).

22.    Yang B, Lu AR, Peng Q, Ling QZ, Ling EJ* (2013) Activity of fusion prophenoloxidase-GFP and its potential applications for innate immunity study.PLoS ONE 8(5):e64106.

23.    Duan XG, Xu J, Ling EJ, Zhang P (2013) Expression of Cry1Aa in cassava improves its insect resistance against Helicoverpaarmigera. Plant Molecular Biology ,83:131–141.

24.    Xu QY#, Lu AR#, Xiao GH, Yang B, Zhang J, Li XQ, Guan JM, Shao QM, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Zhang P, Wang CS,  Ling EJ* (2012) Transcriptional profiling of midgut immunity response and degeneration in the wandering silkworm, Bombyx mori. PLoS ONE,7(8): e43769.

25.    Diao YP, Lu AR, Yang B, Hu WL, Peng Q, Ling QZ, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Kenneth S？derh？ll, Ling EJ* (2012) Existence of Prophenoloxidase in wing discs: A source of plasma prophenoloxidase in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. PLoS ONE 7(7): e41416.

26.    Yang C, Fei L, Yang B, Lu AR, Wang SW, Wang JF, Ling QZ, Li X, Brenda T. Beerntsene, Ling Ej* (2012) Specific amino acids affecting Drosophila melanogasterprophenoloxidase activity in vitro.  Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 38(1): 88-97.

27.    Shao QM, Yang B, Xu QY, Li XQ, Lu ZQ, Wang CS, Huang YP, Kenneth S？derh？ll*, Ling EJ* (2012)Hindgut innate immunity and regulation of fecal microbiota through melanization in insects. Journal of Biological Chemistry 287: 14270-14279.

28.    Li XQ, Ma ML, Liu F, Chen Y, Lu AR, Ling QZ, Li JY, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Yu XQ, Liu CL*, Ling EJ* (2012) Properties of Drosophila melanogaster prophenoloxidases expressed in Escherichia coli. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 36(4): 648-656.

29.    Liu F, Chen Y, Yang B, Wang JF, Peng Q, Shao QM, Li X, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Xu YH, Li JY, Yu XQ, Ling EJ * (2012) Drosophila melanogaster prophenoloxidases respond inconsistently to Cu2+ and have different activity in vitro. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 36(3): 619-628.

30.    DiaoYP, Qi YM, Ma YJ, Xia A, Igor Sharakhov, Chen XG, Jim Biedler, Ling EJ, ZJ Jake Tu (2011) Next-generation sequencing reveals recent horizontal transfer of a DNA transposon between divergent mosquitoes. PLoS ONE 6 (2): e16743

31.    Wang ZX, Lu AR, Li XQ, Shao QN, Brenda T. Beerntsen, Liu CL, Ma YJ, Huang YM, Zhu HM*, Ling EJ* (2011) A systematic study on hemocyte identification and plasma prophenoloxidase from Culex pipiensquinquefasciatus at different developmental stages.Experimental Parasitology 127:135–141.

32.    Wu S, Zhang XF, He YQ, Shuai JB, Chen XM, Ling EJ * (2010) Expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Bombyx mori gut modulated by oral bacterial infection and development. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 34(11):1191-1198.

33.    Wu S, Zhang XF, Chen XM, Cao PS, Ling EJ* (2010) BmToll9, an Arthropods conservative Toll, is probably involved in the local gut immune response in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 34(2):93-96.

34.    Wang CL, Wang ZX, Ling QZ, Michael M. Kariuki, Kenji Kiguchi, Ling EJ* (2010) Physiological functions of hemocytes newly emerged from the cultured hematopoietic organs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Science 17:7-20.

35.    Rao XJ #, Ling EJ # and Yu XQ (2010) The role of lysozyme in the prophenoloxidase activation system of Manduca sexta: An in vitro approach. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 34(3):264-271 (# Equal contribution).

36.    Tian L, Guo EE, DiaoYP, Zhou S, Peng Q, Cao Y, Ling EJ, Li S (2010) Genome-wide regulation of innate immunity by juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone in the Bombyx fat body. BMC Genomics 11:549.

37.    Tian L, Guo EE, Wang S, Liu SM, Jiang RJ, Cao Y, Ling EJ and Li S (2010) Developmental regulation of glycolysis by 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone in fat body tissues of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2(5):255-263.

38.    Liu F, Ling EJ, Wu S (2009) Gene expression profiling during early response to injury and microbial challenges in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 72(1):16-33.

39.    Chen Y, Ling EJ, Weng ZH (2009) Functional characterization of PGRP-LC1 of Anopheles gambiae through deletion and RNA interference. Insect Science 16:443-453.

40.    Ling QZ, Wang CL, Michael M. Kariuki, Kenji Kiguchi and Ling EJ（2009）Reexamination of the role of hematopoietic organs on the hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. African Journal of Biotechnology 8 (15):3658-3665.

41.    Ling EJ, Rao XJ, Ao JQ and Yu XQ (2009) Purification and characterization of a small cationic peptide from the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology39(4):263-271.

42.    Ling EJ, Ao JQ and Yu XQ (2008) Nuclear translocation of Immulectin-3 dtimulateshemocyte proliferation. Molecular Immunology 45: 2598-2606.

43.    Ao JQ, Ling EJ and Yu XQ(2008) A Toll receptor from Manduca sexta is in response to Escherichia coliinfection molecular immunology.  Molecular Immunology 45: 543-552.

44.    Ao JQ, Ling EJ, Rao XJ and Yu XQ (2008) A novel ML protein from Manduca sexta may function as a key accessory protein for lipopolysaccharide signaling. Molecular Immunology 45: 2772-2781.

45.    Ao JQ, Ling EJ and Yu XQ (2007) Drosophila C-type lectins enhance cellular encapsulation. Molecular Immunology 44: 2541-2548.

46.    Ling EJ and Yu XQ (2006) Cellular encapsulation and melanization are enhanced by immulectins, pattern recognition receptors from the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 30: 289-299.

47.    Ling EJ and Yu XQ (2006) Hemocytes from the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta have distinct functions in phagocytosis of foreign particles and self dead cells. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 30: 301-309.

48.    Ling EJ*, Koji Shirai, RensukeKanekatsu, Kenji Kiguchi, Yasuhiko Kobayashi, TomooFunayama and Hiroshi Watanabe (2006) Contribution of circulating hemocytes to the regeneration of heavy ion beams (12C5+) irradiated hematopoietic organs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, through the way of phagocytosis of injured cells after invasion. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 30: 531-543.

49.    Yu XQ, Ling EJ, Miles E. Tracy and Zhu YF (2006) Immulectin-4 from the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta binds to lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Insect Molecular Biology 15: 119-128.

50.    Ling EJ*, Koji Shirai, RensukeKanehatsu and Kenji Kiguchi (2005) Reexamination of phenoloxidase in larval circulating hemocytes of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Tissue and Cell 37: 101-107.

51.    Ling EJ*, Koji Shirai, RensukeKanekatsu and Kenji Kiguchi (2005) Hemocyte differentiation in the hematopoietic organs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori: prohemocytes have the function of phagocytosis.Cell and Tissue Research 320: 535-543.

52.    Ling EJ and Yu XQ (2005) Prophenoloxidase binds to the surface of hemocytes and is involved in hemocyte melanization in Manduca sexta. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology35: 1356-1366.

53.    Yu XQ, Miles E. Tracy, Ling EJ, Scholz FR and Trenczek T (2005) A novel C-type immulectin-3 from Manduca sexta is translocated from hemolymph into the cytoplasm of hemocytes. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 35: 285-295.

54.    Ling EJ, Kana Fukamoto, Shiqing Xu, Koji Shirai, RensukeKanekatsu, Yasuhiko Kobayashi, Tu ZL, Tomoo Funayama, Hiroshi Watanabe and Kenji Kiguchi (2003) Regeneration of hemopoietic organs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, after locally targeted irradiation with heavy ion beams. Journal of Insect Biotechnology and Sericology 72: 95-100.

55.    Ling EJ, Koji Shirai, RensukeKanekatsu, Yasuhiko Kobayashi, Tu ZL, Tomoo Funayama, Hiroshi Watanabe and Kenji Kiguchi (2003) Why dose hemocyte density rise at the wandering stage in the silkworm, Bombyx mori? Journal of Insect Biotechnology and Sericology72: 101-109.

56.    Ling EJ*, Koji Shirai, Rensuke Kanekatsu and Kenji Kiguchi (2003) Classification of larval circulating hemocytes of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, by acridine orange and propidium iodide staining. Histochemistry and Cell Biology 120: 505-511.